language:nulsaa_vi_raiken [Wandering Star Role Play]

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====== Nulsaa Vi Raiken ======
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This article is always a WIP. Whatever is here is canon however.
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Nulsaa vi Raiken is the language used by the [[species:raiken]] and is the national language of the [[:raiconian_alliance]]. It may also be spoken by the [[species:dralu]].

==== History ====

They speak the true true.

==== General Information ====

The Raiken utilize a phonetic alphabet, where each symbol is attached to a specific sound, thus, there is only one correct pronunciation for every word. Additionally, many sounds are bound to specific classes of words or categories. Generally speaking, the longer a word is, the more specific it is.

To quote a wise tree, ** "It takes a long time to say anything (in Old Entish), and we never say anything that isn't worth taking a long time to say." ** Raiken typically speak rather slow, as their tongue requires them to clearly enunciate each sound to convey proper meaning. Thus, they do not typically string out long, elaborate sentences, as it takes a while to say.

===== General Language Rules =====

These general rules apply throughout the language.

=== Sound Assignments ===

The Raiken assign specific sounds to specific parts of speech or categories of words. This streamlines their language and makes it easier to identify what someone is saying without actually knowing the word, if one knows how sounds are assigned.

^  Category/Part of Speech  ^  Sounds  ^
|  Body  |  r, e, d  |
|  Mind  |  k, y, æ  |
|  World  |  s, u, n  |
|  Sky  |  a:, w, m  |
|  Life  |  t, l, h  |
|  Kin  |  i, f, p  |
|  Heavens  |  Rule of Heavens  |
|  Articles  |  z  |
|  Conjunctions  |  v  |
|  Prepositions  |  g, d3 (j)  |
|  Question  |  b  |
|  Opposite, Not  |  'Zs'  |

=== Rule of Opposition ===

The Raiken recognize that the world works with opposing forces in most circumstances. As such, any word that has an opposite must utilize the appropriate opposing sound, where applicable. The last vowel in a word is always the vowels in opposition. Oppositions are not bound to any particular rule or category.

^  Opposition  ^  Assignments  ^
|  a:  |  u  |
|  Ou  |  i:  |
|  e  |  i  |
|  ə  |  æ  |

=== Rule of Singularity & Major/Minor ===

No two words can have the same meaning, except in special circumstances. Rather, words can be sub-minor, minor, neutral, major, and super major. Major/Minor is utilized to stress the power or weakness of any particular word, such as the difference in walking, jogging, and strolling.

Major/Minor has its own sound and subminor and supermajor possess an opposing modifier. These modifiers are typically allowed to be attached to any word in the Raiken language, as they are designed to simply indicate power/weakness or stress. However, constant usage from an individual will likely warrant a confused look.

^  Subminor  ^  Minor  ^  Major  ^  Supermajor  ^
|  Zsur  |  Zsu  |  Zsa  |  Zsar  |

=== Rule of Heavens ===

Any word assigned to the category of 'Heavens' is permitted to begin with any sound, foregoing the usual sound assignments.

=== Rule of the Mother Runes ===

The Mother Runes are ancient and they bear some influence on the modern tongue. Any word that derives its meaning directly from the Mother Runes is permitted to forego the usual sound assignments.

===  Plurality and Possessive  ===

To make a word plural, add an ' S' ' before the word. If the word begins with a vowel, add ' Sa' ' instead.
  * Storm - Aeruz
  * Storms - S'aeruz

To indicate that an item is possessed by another, attach the proper noun or pronoun that the item is possessed by. It is not incorrect to use ‘vi’ instead. This edits pronunciation and technical meaning, but still indicates possessive. This is usually used for decorum, if anything.

  * Home - Tamia
  * My Home - Tamia'raka
  * Your Home - Tamia'raku
  * Your Home - Tamia vi Raku


===== Words =====

Below are all the assembled words of the language, separated into parts of speech, as well as some other choice selections and some additional rules where applicable.

====  Pronouns  ====

Pronouns are words that are able to take the place of a noun.

^  English  ^  Translation  ^
|  I  |  Raka  |
|  You  |  Raku  |
|  He  |  Ineru  |
|  She  |  Inera  |
|  We  |  Inras  |
|  They  |  Inrus  |
|  It  |  Rak  |
|  Someone  |  Rako  |
|  Everybody  |  Raki  |

====  Articles  ====

Articles are words that precede/modify nouns. All articles start with ' V '.

^  English  ^  Translation  ^
|  A/An  |  Za  |
|  The  |  Zuras  |
|  Many  |  Zato  |
|  All  |  Zekar  |
|  Some  |  Zeker  |
|  None  |  Zekur  |


====  Conjunctions  ====

Conjunctions links sentences together. All conjunctions start with ' V '.

== Coordinating Conjunctions ==

^  English  ^  Translation  ^
|  For  |  Ver  |
|  And  |  Vuru  |
|  Nor  |  Vura(æ)  |
|  But  |  Vor  |
|  Or  |  Vura  |
|  Yet  |  Vo  |
|  So  |  Va  |

== Subordinating Conjunctions/Conjunctive Adverbs ==

^  English  ^  Translation  ^
|  Before  |  Vonvor  |
|  After  |  Vonvir  |
|  Because  |  Vesh  |
|  That  |  Vukza  |
|  This  |  Vukzu  |
|  Also  |  Vurum  |
|  However  |  Vorov  |
|  Still  |  Vod  |
|  Though  |  Visi  |
|  If  |  Ve  |
|  Of  |  Vi  |
|  Until  |  Vodi  |
|  Than  |  Vera  |
|  Then  |  Vom  |
|  Rather  |  Vari  |
|  Instead  |  Varin  |
|  With  |  Vurui  |
|  As  |  Vot  |
|  Only  |  Vek  |
|  Once  |  Var  |
|  Since  |  Vomsu  |
|  Unless  |  Vorok  |
|  Where  |  Vakem  |
|  While  |  Votm  |
|  Hence/Thus  |  Vomv  |
|  Therefore  |  Veshik  |
|  Finally  |  Vomrar  |
|  As If  |  Vot've  |
|  Only If  |  Vek've  |

==== Prepositions ====

Prepositions describe the relationship between the noun and other words in a sentence. Many prepositions work in opposition with each other. Prepositions start with 'G' and 'J'.

^  English  ^  Translation  ^
|  Over  |  Gunas  |
|  Under  |  Junus  |
|  Inside/In  |  Gan  |
|  Outside/Out  |  Jun  |
|  Up  |  Guv  |
|  Down  |  Jav  |
|  Left  |  Guk  |
|  Right  |  Jak  |
|  North  |  Gavo  |
|  South  |  Javi  |
|  East  |  Gako  |
|  West  |  Jaki  |
|  Beside/By  |  Geniz  |
|  Opposite  |  Jenoz  |
|  Near  |  Go  |
|  Far  |  Ji  |
|  Off  |  Ged  |
|  On  |  Jid  |
|  From  |  Jari  |
|  To  |  Garo  |
|  At  |  Jas  |
|  Across  |  Jen  |
|  Against  |  Gin  |
|  Into  |  Gan'garo  |
|  Onto  |  Jun'garo  |
|  During  |  Gotm  |


====  Question Words and Questions  ====

These words are used to ask a question. By using one, a question mark is implied with the statement. These words may not be used outside of question-asking. All question words start with 'B'. Any word can be used to ask a question by swapping the first letter with 'B'.

If the question results in the verb coming before the noun it is attached to, the verb is still conjugated as if it was linked to that noun. The link between these words is shown with a hyphen, though this does not affect pronunciation. If there are multiple verbs linked to the same noun, conjugate all of them appropriately.

^  English  ^  Translation  ^
|  Who  |  Baki  |
|  What  |  Bak  |
|  When  |  Bey  |
|  Where  |  Bakem  |
|  How  |  Bar  |
|  Why  |  Bor  |
|  Which  |  Bizi  |

===== Verbs =====

=== Verb Conjugation ===

Raiken use verb conjugation to attach verbs an appropriate noun. Endings for the word may change based on the noun in question. Verbs are conjugated into present tense. To conjugate a verb, remove the ending and replace it with the proper conjugation.

^  Ending  ^  I (Raka)  ^  You (Raku)  ^  She (Inera)  ^  He (Ineru)  ^  We (Inas)  ^  They (Inras)  ^  It (Rak)  ^
|  " -ro "  |  -roa  |  -rou  |  -ras  |  -rus  |  -vos  |  -vis  |  -ra  |
|  " -sa "  |  -sar  |  -sur  |  -sok  |  -sik  |  -rasa  |  -rasu  |  -saa  |
|  " -ir "  |  -irka  |  -irku  |  -iru  |  -ira  |  -saka  |  -saku  |  -iro  |
|  " -sk "  |  -ska  |  -sku  |  -sko  |  -ski  |  -skor  |  -skir  |  -sk  |

=== Past/Future Tense ===

It is important to remember that tense comes before plurality.

  * To indicate past tense for a verb or any other applicable word, add an ' a ' before the word.
  * To indicate future tense for a verb or any other applicable word, add an ' e ' before the word.

Examples are as follows:
  * I defend - Raka sarsk
  * I defended - Raka a'sarsk
  * I will defend - Raka e'sarsk

===  Imperative  ===

Issuing a command is done by using any verb without conjugation and in its 'true' form. To do so, remove the ending (-ro,-sa,-ir, -sk) from the verb.

Examples
  * Speak! - Nul!

=== Adding 'ing' onto a Verb ===

All verbs can be modified by simply adding 'Za' before the verb. Add 'Z' if the verb already begins with a vowel. Conjugating the verb that is being modified is not necessary.

Example
  * I am fighting - Raka rakisska zadelsir.

====  Verb List  ====

Verbs are action words. Raiken assign their verbs to seven different categories, depending on what the verb affects. The categories are as follows:
  * Heavens - Actions that are considered special/sacred in some way. Usually primal actions.
  * Life - Actions that are bound to the natural order.
  * Kin - Actions that are bound to family/kin.
  * Body - Physical actions of a single person.
  * Mind - Non-physical actions of a single person.
  * World - Physical action that affects others/environment.
  * Sky - Non-physical action that affects others/environment.

^  Heavens  ^^
^  English  ^  Translation  ^
|  To be  |  Rakissk  |
|  To have  |  Tatsk  |
|  To do  |  Atarsk  |
|  To say  |  Nulsk  |
|  To go  |  Rakimsk  |
|  To know  |  Kaissk  |
|  To see  |  Uvaksk  |
|  To want  |  Lorsk  |
|  To defend  |  Sarsk  |
|  To create  |  Vuliksk  |
|  To fight  |  Delssk  |

^  Life  ^^
^  English  ^  Translation  ^
|  To live  |  Tul  |
|  To die  |  Tal  |
|  To become  |  Has  |
|  To change  |  Lym  |
|  To complete  |  Talas  |
|  To grow  |  Tusn  |
|  To happen  |  Loviz  |
|  To produce  |  Tisur  |
|  To decay  |  Tasik  |

^  Kin  ^^
^  English  ^  Translation  ^
|  To drink  |  Fol  |
|  To eat  |  Fil  |
|  To help  |  Pol  |
|  To hunt  |  Polas  |
|  To hope  |  Ini  |
|  To love  |  Irin  |
|  To teach  |  Poliv  |
|  To remember  |  Pav  |

^  Sky  ^^
^  English  ^  Translation  ^
|  To agree  |  Aro  |
|  To appear  |  Ath  |
|  To ask  |  Miz  |
|  To blame  |  Wol  |
|  To bless  |  Aor  |
|  To deceive/lie  |  Welv  |
|  To explain/answer  |  Mezv  |
|  To hear  |  Wisf  |
|  To include  |  Medk  |
|  To let  |  Azr  |
|  To offer  |  Mend  |
|  To rule  |  Mir  |
|  To serve  |  Mor  |
|  To show  |  Wem  |
|  To trade  |  Men  |

^  World  ^^
^  English  ^  Translation  ^
|  To bind  |  Su  |
|  To break  |  Setpa  |
|  To bring  |  Soch  |
|  To build  |  Setpu  |
|  To buy  |  Nenko  |
|  To carry  |  Narak  |
|  To close  |  Nol  |
|  To come  |  Nakim  |
|  To conquer  |  Sargak  |
|  To cover  |  Uzvar  |
|  To cut  |  Sa  |
|  To draw  |  Nulyv  |
|  To follow  |  Naki  |
|  To receive  |  Unbuk  |
|  To give  |  Unbak  |
|  To hit  |  Sovak  |
|  To kill  |  Sov  |
|  To lead  |  Nake  |
|  To leave  |  Sakim  |
|  To meet  |  Sakem  |
|  To move  |  Na  |
|  To open  |  Nil  |
|  To play  |  Selsib  |
|  To sell  |  Nenki  |
|  To send  |  Nivd  |
|  To take  |  Sich  |
|  To tell  |  Uls  |
|  To use  |  Nar  |
|  To watch  |  Uvakov  |
|  To write  |  Nulyr  |

^  Body  ^^
^  English  ^  Translation  ^
|  To aim  |  Diy  |
|  To begin  |  Degm  |
|  To call  |  Dar  |
|  To catch  |  Rov  |
|  To climb  |  Ekiv  |
|  To keep  |  Devis  |
|  To put  |  Evab  |
|  To raise  |  Emuk  |
|  To reach  |  Ean  |
|  To return  |  Enan  |
|  To walk  |  Run  |
|  To run  |  Ran  |
|  To sit  |  Rin  |
|  To stand  |  Run  |
|  To stay  |  Davk  |
|  To stop  |  Dav  |
|  To work  |  Rath  |
|  To throw  |  Riv  |

^  Mind  ^^
^  English  ^  Translation  ^
|  To believe  |  Ael  |
|  To choose  |  Kizi  |
|  To think  |  Aki  |
|  To continue  |  Kel  |
|  To develop  |  Anv  |
|  To feel  |  Ake  |
|  To find  |  Kad  |
|  To learn  |  Kalo  |
|  To listen  |  Kip  |
|  To lose  |  Yil  |
|  To mean  |  Yav  |
|  To need  |  Yor  |
|  To pass  |  Kih  |
|  To pay  |  Kogv  |
|  To read  |  Kuvis  |
|  To try  |  Kavn  |
|  To understand  |  Akis  |
|  To win  |  Yol  |
|  To forget  |  Aur  |

===== Adjectives =====

Adjectives are words that describe other words, such as their size, shape, material, and condition. Adjectives are grouped similarly to verbs, although there is no requirement for adjectives to belong to every category.

^  Shape (Body)  ^^
^  English  ^  Translation  ^
|  Thick  |  Raal  |
|  Thin  |  Raul  |
|  Shallow  |  Deylo  |
|  Deep  |  Deyli  |
|  Straight  |  Enir  |
|  Curved/Round  |  Enor  |
|  Even/Flat  |  Eni  |
|  Crooked/Uneven  |  Eno  |
|  Jagged  |  Enok  |

^  Size (World)  ^^
^  English  ^  Translation  ^
|  Large  |     |
|  Small  |     |
|  Wide/Fat  |     |
|  Narrow/Skinny  |     |
|  Long  |     |
|  Short  |     |
|  Tall  |     |
|  Average  |     |

^  Sound (Mind)  ^^
^  English  ^  Translation  ^
|  Loud  |     |
|  Quiet  |     |
|  Harsh  |     |
|  Melodic  |     |
|  High-Pitched/Shrill  |     |
|  Low-Pitched/Rumbling  |     |

^  Speed (World)  ^^
^  English  ^  Translation  ^
|  Fast  |  Sanal  |
|  Slow  |  Sanul  |

^  Taste (Kin)  ^^
^  English  ^  Translation  ^
|  Bland/Tasteless  |     |
|  Strong  |     |
|  Fresh  |     |
|  Rotten  |     |
|  Sour/Bitter  |     |
|  Sweet  |     |
|  Terrible/Bad  |     |
|  Delicious/Good  |     |
|  Hot/Spicy  |     |
|  Cool  |     |
|  Salty  |     |

^  Time (Sky)  ^^
^  English  ^  Translation  ^
|  Early  |  Apir  |
|  Late  |  Apor  |
|  On Time/Recent  |  Ap  |
|  New  |  Muliv  |
|  Old  |  Mulov  |

^  Touch (Body)  ^^
^  English  ^  Translation  ^
|  Wet  |     |
|  Dry  |     |
|  Soft  |     |
|  Hard  |     |
|  Cold  |     |
|  Warm  |     |
|  Clean  |     |
|  Dirty  |     |
|  Loose  |     |
|  Tight  |     |
|  Rough  |     |
|  Smooth  |     |
|  Sharp  |     |
|  Blunt  |     |
|  Solid  |     |
|  Broken/Weak  |     |
|  Sticky  |     |
|  Slippery  |     |
|  Flaky  |     |
|  Rubbery  |     |
|  Dusty  |     |
|  Fluffy  |     |

^  Feelings (Mind)  ^^
^  English  ^  Translation  ^
|  Ok/Fine/Alright  |     |
|  Agreeable/Calm  |     |
|  Angry/Mad  |     |
|  Amused/Funny  |     |
|  Bored/Boring  |     |
|  Brave/Courageous  |     |
|  Afraid/Scared  |     |
|  Bright/Intelligent  |     |
|  Foolish/Dumb  |     |
|  Charming/Lovely  |     |
|  Obnoxious  |     |
|  Determined  |     |
|  Panicky/Confused  |     |
|  Eager/Excited  |     |
|  Bored/Depressed  |     |
|  Encouraging  |     |
|  Discouraging/Hopeless  |     |
|  Energetic  |     |
|  Sleepy/Weary  |     |
|  Faithful/Trusting  |     |
|  Doubtful/Suspicious  |     |
|  Friendly/Kind  |     |
|  Evil/Cruel  |     |
|  Gentle  |     |
|  Harsh  |     |
|  Good/Well  |     |
|  Ill/Sad  |     |
|  Helpful  |     |
|  Dangerous  |     |
|  Lucky  |     |
|  Unfortunate  |     |
|  Obedient  |     |
|  Disobedient/Arrogant  |     |
|  Proud  |     |
|  Ashamed/Guilty  |     |
|  Relaxed  |     |
|  Nervous/Tense  |     |
|  Relieved  |     |
|  Anxious/Worried  |     |
|  Thoughtful  |     |
|  Arrogant/Foolish  |     |
|  Victorious  |     |
|  Defeated  |     |
|  Sated  |     |
|  Hungry/Ambitious  |


===== Numbers and Others =====

^  Number  ^  Translation  ^
|  1  |  Zar  |
|  2  |  Zara  |
|  3  |  Zaro  |
|  4  |  Zas  |
|  5  |  Zasi  |
|  6  |  Zasu  |
|  7  |  Zak  |
|  8  |  Zake  |
|  9  |  Zaka(æ)  |
|  10  |  Zad  |
|  100  |  Zada  |
|  1,000  |  Zado  |
|  10,000  |  Zan  |
|  100,000  |  Zani  |
|  1,000,000  |  Zanu  |
|  10,000,000  |  Zal  |
|  100,000,000  |  Zale  |
|  1,000,000,000  |  Zaka  |

Numbers 1-10 are pronounced as normal. To say a number that is not listed, use the appropriate denomination of ten, stating the number of tens (or whatever is applicable) then the remainder. Do not forget plurality on the denomination of ten. This can be ignored if there is a number FOLLOWING the denomination of ten.

  * Example: 63 - Zasu zad zaro (Plurality is ignored because a number follows the ten)
  * Example: 60 - Zasu s'zad (Plurality is observed because a number does NOT follow the ten)

Technically, it is not incorrect to use a lower denomination of ten, rather than the closest one to the number. It does make the word longer however. Both of the following examples mean the same thing.

  * Example - 50,000 - Zasi s'zan
  * Example - 50,000 - Zasi zad zado

==== Shapes ====

Raiken identify shapes by how many sides they have. A four-sided object is identified as such. ' S'kel ' is the word for ' sides '. The following pattern continues for all applicable shapes, excluding a circle.

^  Number of Sides  ^  Translation  ^
|  3  |  Zaro s'kel  |
|  4  |  Zas s'kel  |
|  5  |  Zasi s'kel  |
|  Infinite (Circle)  |  Sekat s'kel  |

'Perfect' Shapes, or shapes with sides that are all equal, are identified by adding ' Trita ' before the shape.
  * Example - A square is a perfect four sided figure - Trita zas s'kel

==== Colors ====

Raiken see the same color spectrum as humans do. Considering this, they have words for colors in the normal visible light spectrum. Colors are assigned to the same categories as verbs.

^  Color  ^  Translation  ^
|  Red  |  Nasi  |
|  Blue  |  Masa  |
|  Yellow  |  Zir  |
|  Orange  |  Nahi  |
|  Green  |  Lavs  |
|  Violet  |  Mafi  |
|  White  |  Xia  |
|  Gray  |  Xias  |
|  Black  |  Xoa  |

Associated Adjectives with Color.
^  Adjective  ^  Translation  ^
|  Light  |  Jral  |
|  Dark  |  Grul  |

To say a color is a 'mix' of two colors, combine the two colors with a hyphen.